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IBM MQ is a family of message-oriented middleware products that IBM launched in December 1993. It was originally called MQSeries, and was renamed WebSphere MQ in 2002 to join the suite of WebSphere products. In April 2014, it was renamed IBM MQ. The products that are included in the MQ family are IBM MQ, IBM MQ Advanced, IBM MQ Appliance, IBM MQ for z/OS, and IBM MQ on IBM Cloud.
MQ allows independent and potentially non-concurrent applications on a distributed system to securely communicate with each other, using messages. MQ is available on a large number of platforms (both IBM and non-IBM), including z/OS (mainframe), OS/400 (IBM System i or AS/400), Transaction Processing Facility, UNIX (AIX, HP-UX, Solaris), HP NonStop, OpenVMS, Linux, and Microsoft Windows.
- 5Communication
- 7History
MQ Components[edit]
The core components of MQ are:
- Message: Messages are collections of binary or character (for instance ASCII or EBCDIC) data that have some meaning to a participating program. As in other communications protocols, storage, routing, and delivery information is added to the message before transmission and stripped from the message prior to delivery to the receiving application.
- Queue: Message queues are objects that store messages in an application.
- Queue Manager: a system service that provides a logical container for the message queue. It is responsible for transferring data to other queue managers via message channels. Although not strictly required for message-oriented middleware, is an IBM MQ prerequisite. Queue managers handle storage, timing issues, triggering, and all other functions not directly related to the actual movement of data.
Programs integrated with IBM MQ use a consistent application program interface (API) across all platforms.
Messaging types[edit]
MQ supports point-to-point and Publish-Subscribe messaging.
APIs[edit]
APIs directly supported by IBM include:
- IBM Message Queue Interface (MQI) for C, COBOL, PL/I, Java, Rexx,[1]RPG, and C++
- Java Message Service (JMS)
- XMS for C/C++ and .NET[2]
Additional APIs (not officially supported) are also available via third parties, including:
- Perl interface (developed and contributed by Hildo Biersma), available from CPAN.[3]
- Python (programming language) interface PyMQI (originally developed by Les Smithson), available from PyPI[4]
- Windows PowerShell[5]
Features[edit]
One-time delivery: MQ uses once and once only delivery. This quality of service typically prevents message loss or duplication.
Asynchronous messaging: MQ provides application designers with a mechanism to achieve non-time-dependent architecture. Messages can be sent from one application to another, regardless of whether the applications are running at the same time. If a message receiver application is not running when a sender sends it a message, the queue manager will hold the message until the receiver asks for it. Ordering of all messages is preserved, by default this is in FIFO order of receipt at the local queue within priority of the message.
Data transformation: e.g. Big Endian to Little Endian, or EBCDIC to ASCII. This is accomplished through the use of message data exits. Exits are compiled applications that run on the queue manager host, and are executed by the IBM MQ software at the time data transformation is needed.
Message-driven architecture framework: IBM MQ allows receipt of messages to 'trigger' other applications to run.
Range of APIs: It implements the Java Message Service (JMS) standard API, and also has its own proprietary API, known as the Message Queuing Interface (MQI), which preceded the JMS several years in existence. As of version 8.0.0.4, MQ also supports the MQ Light API.
Clustering: Multiple MQ implementations share the processing of messages, providing load balancing.
Communication[edit]
Queue managers communicate with the outside world either through:
- Bindings: a direct software connection. Generally faster, but limited to programs running on the same physical host as the queue manager.
- A network or 'client' connection: applications using a client connection can connect to a queue manager on any other host in the network. The physical location of the queue manager is irrelevant, as long as it is reachable over the network.
Communication between queue managers[edit]
This relies on a channel. Each queue manager uses one or more channels to send and receive data to other queue managers. A channel is uni-directional; a second channel is required to return data. In a TCP/IP based network, a channel sends or receives data on a specific port.
Channel types:
- Sending channel: has a defined destination and is associated with a specific transmission queue (the mechanism by which messages are queued awaiting transmission on the channel).
- Receiving channel: receives data from any other queue manager with a sending channel of the same name.
When a receiving channel receives a message, it is examined to see which queue manager and queue it is destined for. In the event of a communications failure, MQ can automatically re-establish a connection when the problem is resolved.
The listener is the application's network interface to the queue manager. The listener detects connections from incoming channels, and manages the connection of the sending channels to the receiving channels. In a TCP/IP network, the listener will 'listen' for connections on a specific port.
Transmitting data to a queue on another queue manager[edit]
Queue types:
- Local queue: represents the location where data is stored awaiting processing.
- Remote queue: represents a queue on another queue manager. They define the destination queue, which is one element of the routing mechanism for messages.
- Cluster queue: represents a queue which is reachable via any queue manager in its cluster.
A message is placed on a remote queue. The messages goes to a temporary storage transmission queue associated with a channel. On placing a message on a remote queue, the message is transmitted across the remote channel. If the transmission is successful, the message is removed from the transmit queue. On receiving a message, the receiving queue manager examines the message to determine whether the message is for itself or if must go to another queue manager. If the receiving queue manager, the required queue will be checked, and if it exists, the message is placed on this queue. If not, the message is placed on the dead letter queue. MQ has features to manage efficient transmission of data across a variety of communication media. For example, messages can be batched together until a queue reaches a particular depth.
Ordering[edit]
Although the queue is FIFO, it is ordered based on the receipt in the local queue, not the committing of the message from the sender. Messages can be prioritized, and by default, the queue is prioritized in order of arrival. Queues will only be in sequence of addition if the message is added locally. Message grouping can be used to ensure a set of messages are in a specific order, aside from that, if sequence is critical, it is the application's responsibility to place sequence data in the message or implement a handshaking mechanism via a return queue. In reality, ordering will be maintained in straightforward configurations.
The log[edit]
The other element of a queue manager is the log. As a message is placed on a queue or a configuration change is made, the data is also logged. In the event of a failure, the log is used to recreate damaged objects and recreate messages. Only persistent messages are recreated when a failure occurs—'non-persistent' messages are lost. Non-persistent messages can be sent across a channel set to a fast mode, in which delivery is not assured in the event of a channel failure.
MQ supports both circular and linear logging.
Retrieving messages from queues[edit]
Information can be retrieved from queues either by polling the queue to check for available data at suitable intervals, or alternatively MQ can trigger an event, allowing a client application to respond to the delivery of a message.
High availability[edit]
IBM MQ offers a variety of High Availability solutions:
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Replicated Data Queue Manager (RDQM / 'Easy HA'- MQ Advanced on distributed only):Synchronous replication between three servers that all share a floating IP address.
Queue Manager Clusters:Groups of two or more queue managers on one or more computers are defined to a cluster, providing automatic interconnection, and allow queues to be shared among them for load balancing and redundancy.
Queue Sharing Groups (z/OS only):In a Shared Queue environment, an application can connect to any of the queue managers within the queue-sharing group. Because all the queue managers in the queue-sharing group can access the same set of shared queues, the application does not depend on the availability of a particular queue manager. This gives greater availability if a queue manager stops because all the other queue managers in the queue-sharing group can continue processing the queue.
Multi-Instance Queue Managers (available from v7.0.1):Instances of the same queue manager are configured on two or more computers with their queues and meta data residing on shared storage. By starting multiple instances, one instance becomes the active instance and the other instances become standbys. If the active instance fails, a standby instance running on a different computer automatically takes over.
His first solo album, titled 'Optimystique', was recorded in 1980, and it showed his debt to instrumental electronic music of the past as well as other styles such as jazz, smooth pop, and the like. In 1987, he put together a small band which included John Tesh and Charlie Adams, and began touring to promote his earliest works. Yanni music download best. The album saw a general release in 1984.
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History[edit]
Version release dates[edit]
Version name | Release date |
---|---|
IBM MQ 9.1 | 27 July 2018[6] |
IBM MQ on IBM Cloud | 13 March 2018 [7] |
IBM MQ for HPE Nonstop 8.0 | 23 June 2017 |
IBM MQ 9.0 | 2 June 2016 [8] |
IBM MQ 8.0 | 23 May 2014 |
WebSphere MQ 7.5 | 15 June 2012 |
WebSphere MQ 7.1 | November 2011 |
WebSphere MQ 7.0 z/OS | June 2008 |
WebSphere MQ 7.0 (Distributed, iSeries) | May 2008 |
WebSphere MQ 6.0 z/OS | June 2005 |
WebSphere MQ 6.0 (Distributed, iSeries) | May 2005 |
WebSphere MQ 5.3 z/OS | June 2002 |
WebSphere MQ 5.3 (Distributed, iSeries) | June, July, Oct, Nov 2002 |
MQSeries 5.2 (Distributed) | Dec 2000 |
MQSeries for OS/390 V5.2 | Nov 2000 |
MQSeries for AS/400 V5.1 | July-Aug 2000 |
MQSeries for OS/390 V2.1 | Feb 1999 |
MQSeries 5.1 | April (NT), June 1999 |
MQSeries for AS/400 V4.2 | Feb 1998 |
MQSeries 5.0 | October 1997 |
MQSeries for MVS/ESA 1.2 | 29 August 1997 [9] |
MQSeries for MVS 1.1.4, | June 1996 |
MQSeries 2.2 (Sun OS/Solaris, DC/OSx) | June, July 1996 |
MQSeries 2.0 Windows NT | 2Q 1996 |
MQSeries 2.2 (HP, SCO) | 4Q 1995 |
MQSeries for MVS 1.1.3 | May 1995 |
MQSeries 2.0 (OS/2, AIX) | Feb 1995 (the beginning of the end of ezBridge) |
MQM/400 V3 | 4Q 1994 |
ezBridge Transact for MQSeries 3.0 | July 1994 |
MQSeries for MVS 1.1.2 | June 1994 |
MQM/400 V2.3 | Feb/April 1994 |
ezBridge Transact for MQSeries | March, Sept, Nov, DSA |
MQSeries for MVS V1.1.1 | December 31, 1993 |
Version End Of Service[edit]
Please see the IBM Software Support Lifecycle site for up to date information on End of Support dates.
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Version name | General Availability | End of Marketing | End of Support |
---|---|---|---|
IBM MQ 9.1 | 27-Jul-2018 | - | - |
IBM MQ 9.0 | 02-Jun-2016 | - | - |
IBM MQ 8.0 | 13-Jun-2014 | 17-Apr-2020 | 30-Apr-2020 |
WebSphere MQ 7.5 | 06-Jul-2012 | 16-Dec-2016 | 30-Apr-2018 |
WebSphere MQ 7.1 | 25-Nov-2011 | 12-Jul-2016 | 30-Apr-2017 |
Background architectural reference[edit]
![Version Version](/uploads/1/2/4/9/124957638/288037741.jpg)
With the advent of computers, IBM saw an opportunity to apply new technology to the need for message switching.
In the early 1960s, IBM marketed the IBM 7740 Communication Control System and the IBM 7750 Programmed Transmission Control, which were programmable message switching systems.
The IBM System/360 was announced in April 1964 and with it came communication access methods such as BTAM and QTAM (Basic and Queued Telecommunications Access Methods). In 1971, TCAM, the Telecommunications Access Method, offered its users a more advanced form of message switching or message routing. TCAM was widely accepted, especially in the financial and brokerage industries. It supported asynchronous messaging, as with the later MQ. TCAM 3.0 added in reusable disk message queues for recovery soon thereafter, as with MQ. A high-level PL/I program could be used to access TRANSIENT datasets (dynamic message queues). Reading a message from a transient dataset resulted in that message being removed from the queue, as with a non-browse READ with MQ.
In the late 1970s, transaction management systems came into being, each trying to achieve a leadership position in the industry. Within IBM, CICS and IMS were chosen as strategic products to address the need for transaction management. Within both CICS and IMS, each had its version of message switching, IMS being a front-end queued system and CICS having its Transient Data facility as the possible basis for message switching.[citation??]
CICS established itself as a popular transaction management system in the 1968-1971 timeframe. Those users who had adopted TCAM for its message handling capabilities, now wanted a combined use of TCAM with CICS. In December 1971, IBM announced CICS support of TCAM as part of the CICS/OS-Standard product, to be delivered in December 1972. For interested customers, this enabled them to use TCAM for its message handling strengths and also have TCAM-connected terminals or computers interface with CICS online applications.[citation??]
In January 1973, TCAM continued to be supported by CICS/OS-Standard Version 2.3. However, TCAM support was omitted from the initial release of CICS/VS, announced in February 1973 and delivered in June 1974. Needless to say, many CICS-TCAM customers were not happy with that product direction.
With considerable pressure from CICS-TCAM customers, the CICS support of TCAM was reinstated in the CICS/VS 1.1 product, as of September 1974. In addition to the previous DCB support, with this reinstatement of TCAM support, CICS began to support TCAM access via VTAM, also known as the ACB support. CICS TCAM ACB support was discontinued as of the CICS/ESA Version 3 product in 1990.
In 1992, IBM announced a new product called MQSeries. This brand name was later renamed to 'WebSphere MQ' (sometimes shortened to WMQ) in 2002 to support the WebSphere family name and the product. In 2014, it was renamed 'IBM MQ'. MQ was to be the extension of TCAM functionality from IBM-only systems to all other platforms. MQ has an architecture that enables heterogeneous systems to communicate with each other (e.g. IBM, HP, Sun, Tandem, etc.). MQ can be used with CICS systems to send and receive data to/from any other MQ-eligible system. MQ can be used to initiate work in a CICS system or a CICS transaction can initiate work in another CICS or non-CICS system.
IBM MQ now supports 80 different environments and has become the leading message assured delivery switching/routing product in the industry.[10]
MQ and web services[edit]
IBM MQ can be used as a foundation for creating service-oriented architectures. Several additional product options exist to help convert legacy programs into functioning web services through the use of MQ. Larger, heterogeneous enterprises often appear as a federation of somewhat autonomous domains based on lines of business, functional or governance areas. In such environments, some services may be shared or reused only within a single domain, while others may be shared or reused throughout the enterprise. IBM MQ provides the means by which communication exists between lines-of-business or otherwise separate business domains.
A related product in the IBM MQ product family, called IBM Integration Bus (formerly WebSphere Message Broker), enables a diverse and robust set of extensions to queue-based architectures. Using IBM Integration Bus, users can implement a WebServices front-end, complete with WSDL file support that can interact with any queue-based application.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'MA95: A REXX interface to WebSphere MQ'. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
- ^'Introducing XMS -- The IBM Message Service API'. Retrieved 2007-12-06.
- ^MQSeries - Perl extension for MQSeries support - search.cpan.org
- ^PyMQI Documentation
- ^'MO74: WebSphere MQ - Windows Powershell Library'. Retrieved 2007-12-06.
- ^'IBM announcement of IBM MQ 9.1'. International Business Machines (IBM). Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- ^'IBM announcement of IBM MQ on IBM Cloud'. International Business Machines (IBM). Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- ^'IBM announcement of IBM MQ 9.0'. International Business Machines (IBM). Retrieved 17 June 2016.
- ^'MQSeries for MVS/ESA Version 1.2'. International Business Machines (IBM). Retrieved 10 Dec 2018.
- ^http://www-01.ibm.com/common/ssi/cgi-bin/ssialias?infotype=an&subtype=ca&supplier=897&letternum=ENUS211-395 IBM MQ is the market-leading, message-oriented middleware product that delivers a reliable, proven universal messaging backbone for almost 10,000 organizations of different sizes, spanning many industries around the world.
External links[edit]
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Developer(s) | HCL Technologies (formerly IBM) |
---|---|
Initial release | 2001 |
Stable release | |
Preview release | 9.0 |
Written in | Java |
Type | Enterprise web portal software |
License | Proprietary |
Website | ibm.com/websphere/portal |
WebSphere Portal is an enterprise software used to build and manage web portals. It provides access to web content and applications, while delivering personalized experiences for users.
The WebSphere Portal package is a component of WebSphere application software. Like WebSphere, WebSphere Portal was originally developed and marketed by IBM. Portal has been released since 2001,[1] and is now sold in five editions.[2] In July 2019, IBM completed the sale of WebSphere Portal (along with several other IBM products) to HCL Technologies.
WebSphere Portal software has been reviewed numerous times in the IT industry press, and honors include eWeek Magazine's 2004 Excellence Award in the category 'Portals and Knowledge Management',[3] Java Pro Magazine's 2003 Reader's Choice Award for 'Best Team Development Tool',[4] and the Software and Information Industry Association's 2003 Codie award for 'Best Enterprise Portal Platform'.[5]
Components[edit]
The WebSphere Portal package is available in five editions: WebSphere Portal Server, WebSphere Portal Enable, WebSphere Portal Enable for z/OS, WebSphere Portal Extend, and WebSphere Portal Express.[2]
The basic package includes a web server, WebSphere Application Server, LDAP directory, IBM DB2 database, development tools, web site templates and other essential site management tools such as a configuration wizard. In addition, some editions of WebSphere Portal include limited entitlements to Lotus Web Content Management, Lotus Quickr document management, Lotus Sametime instant messaging, and Lotus Forms electronic forms. For WebSphere Portal Enable for z/OS, WebSphere Application Server and IBM DB2 database must be purchased separately.
IBM announced that WebSphere Portal package will be included in IBM Customer Experience Suite.
Industry standards[edit]
The WebSphere Portal software suite adheres to industry standards: the Java Portlet Definition Standard (both JSR 168/v1 and JSR 286/v2 specifications) defined by the Java Community Process, as well as the Web Services for Remote Portlets (both WSRP 1.0 and 2.0) specifications defined by the Web Services for Remote Portlets OASIS Technical Committee.
The markup delivered to clients (i.e. to web browsers) adheres to the XHTML and CSS standards as defined by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). WebSphere Portal's JavaScript is ECMA-compliant.
History[edit]
WebSphere Portal version | 9.5 | 9.0 | 8.5 | 8.0.0.1 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 6.1.5 | 6.1 | 6 | 5.0 | 4.1 | 1.0 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Release date | July 2019 | December 2016 | June 2014 | Feb 2013 | May 2012 | September 2010 | November 2009 | March 2009 | April 2006 | July 2002 | 2001 |
IBM first announced WebSphere Portal Server for AIX in 2001.[6] Since then, IBM has released versions that run on Linux, Microsoft Windows, HP-UX, Solaris, i5/OS, and z/OS.
In April 2006 version 6.0 was announced. The new features included Workflow (introduced a new workflow builder), Content Management (unveiled IBM Workplace Web Content Management Version 6.0, now IBM Web Content Management), Electronic Forms (incorporated IBM Workplace Forms, now IBM Lotus Forms) and Alignment with Bowstreet Portlet Factory (Now WebSphere Portlet Factory)
In March 2009, WebSphere Portal was at version 6.1 was announced, an upgrade that enhanced Web 2.0 capabilities, support for REST-based services, and improved Atom and RSS consumption. In November 2009, IBM then released WebSphere Portal Feature Pack Version 6.1.5, with new features that can be added to the version 6.1 platform, including new page builder and template capabilities, platform startup optimization, and expanded Enterprise Content Management (ECM) and Web analytics integration support.
In September 2010, WebSphere Portal version 7.0 was announced.
WebSphere Portal version 8.0 was released in May 2012. WebSphere Portal 8.5 was announced May 2014 and included enhancements for mobile web users as well as enhancements for Web Content Management (WCM).[7]
In 2019, IBM announced that it was selling Websphere Portal, IBM Bigfix, IBM Appscan, IBM Unica, and IBM Websphere Commerce to HCL Technologies. HCL will continue to develop Websphere Portal.[8]
Current version[edit]
Continued leadership and development of important portal open standards, such as Java Specification Request (JSR) 286 and Web Services for Remote Portlets (WSRP) 2.0 standards.[9]
IBM Lotus Web Content Management is better integrated, and IBM Lotus Web Content Management itself has large user interface and functionality improvements.
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IBM WebSphere Portal and IBM Lotus Web Content Manager Version 8.0 enabled the 'Managed Pages' feature, whereby pages within the portal can be managed within IBM Lotus Web Content Management, allowing them to be syndicated between servers, as well as allowing workflow and versioning of the pages. IBM WebSphere Portal and IBM Lotus Web Content Manager Version 8.0.0.1 enables 'inline edit', which allows portal content to be directly edited in the portal page, rather than using the Web Content Manager Authoring Interface.
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References[edit]
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- ^IBM Product Management (April 2, 2008), 'History of WebSphere', WebSphere-World, Armonk: ibm.com.
- ^ abFrank, Steven P., ed. (August 26, 2008), 'Product documentation', WebSphere Portal software, Armonk: IBM.
- ^Rapoza, Jim; Caton, Michael; Coffee, Peter (April 5, 2004), 'eWeek Labs 4th Annual Excellence Awards', eWeek, 21 (14), pp. 41–43.
- ^Keppler, Kay (August 2003), 'Readers' Choice Awards 2003', Java Pro Magazine, 7 (8), pp. 21–24.
- ^Picarille, Lisa (July 2003), '18th Annual Codie Awards', Information Today, 20 (7): 30–31.
- ^WebSphere-World History of WebSphere: http://www.websphere-world.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1863
- ^'IBM WebSphere Portal and IBM Web Content Manager 8.5 Now Available'. IBM Digital Experience Developer. 2014-05-09. Retrieved 2016-11-22.
- ^Kovar, Joseph F. 'IBM Selling Big Part Of Its Software Portfolio To India's HCL In $1.8 Billion Deal'. CRN. Retrieved 2019-03-26.
- ^IBM WebSphere Portal and Lotus Web Content Management Version 7.0 (October 2010), Introduction, Somers: ibm.com.
External links[edit]
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